Article
Vancomycin is superior to Plectasin against Staphyloccus aureus periprosthetic osteomyelitis in rats
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Published: | February 6, 2020 |
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Objectives/Interrogation: Commonly used antibiotics cannot always control S. aureus associated infections in orthopaedic and hand implants.
We investigated the ability of vancomycin and plectasin to eradicate S. aureus in a knee prosthesis model of osteomyelitis in rats. We compared Plectasin in a 20 and 40 mg concentration to vancomycin 20 mg, all antibiotics were given i.p. daily. Plectasin is a peptide antibiotic with therapeutic potential from a saprophytic fungus.
Methods: Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats had prosthesis inserted and divided into three groups (N=10). Vancomycin group including 2 controls and two Plectasin groups (N= 10) 20 mg and (N= 10) 40 mg including 2 controls in each groups. All groups were infected with S. aureus MN8, ica+103 in the tibia and the femur marrow before insertion of the prosthesis. Control rats were given NaCl i.p. After two weeks, the rats were sacrificed and all specimens were analysed.
Results: One rat in the 20 mg Plectasin group and four in the 40 mg Plectasin group died of anaphylactic shock (histamine release). The 20 and 40 mg Plectasin groups both showed a decrease of bacteria but it was not as efficiently eradicated as in the vancomycin group.
Conclusions: Plectasin treatment against S. aureus osteomyelitis reduced the infection. However, Plectasin released histaminestrongly after one day and some of the rats died especially in the 40 mg group. In contrast, Vancomycin reduced the infection significantly in almost of the parameters